Project-76: 12 Indigenous Submarines to feature Vertical Launch capability for Long Range Subsonic Cruise Missiles as well as Supersonic Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles
India’s drive towards self-reliance in underwater warfare advances with Project-76, aimed at building 12 next-generation indigenous submarines equipped with a Vertical Launching System (VLS). This initiative marks a significant upgrade in the Indian Navy's capabilities, enabling the launch of both long-range land-attack and anti-ship cruise missiles, enhancing both offensive and defensive power.
These submarines, being designed by the Warship Design Bureau (WDB), will have a displacement of 3,000 tons, offering more submerged volume than previous classes. This larger design allows for enhanced features and greater operational flexibility.
One of the defining features of Project-76 submarines is the inclusion of VLS technology. According to sources, each submarine will be equipped with at least two four-cell VLS tubes. These launch systems will accommodate a mix of long-range subsonic cruise missiles—likely the naval version of the Long-Range Land Attack Cruise Missile (LR-LACM) with a 1,500 km range—and BrahMos-ER supersonic anti-ship missiles, capable of striking targets up to 800 km away. This arsenal will extend the Indian Navy’s reach, enabling it to strike distant targets and strengthen deterrence.
While VLS was originally intended for the Project-75I submarines, which are currently under acquisition, that feature was not realized. However, lessons learned from Project-75I have influenced the design of Project-76. Interestingly, the Korean Dosan Ahn Changho-class submarine, a former contender in Project-75I, was the only option offering VLS, though it later withdrew.
The Project-76 submarines will replace the ageing Kilo-class vessels in the Indian Navy, which are scheduled for phased retirement by the mid-2030s. With their advanced design and indigenous technology, the new submarines will significantly enhance India's underwater capabilities, offering robust offensive and defensive tools through their VLS capabilities.
Project-76 highlights India’s commitment to self-reliance in defense technology. The development and eventual deployment of these submarines will not only strengthen the Indian Navy but also establish India as a leader in indigenous submarine design and technology, boosting its status as a strategic maritime force.
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