France sells 12 Dassault Rafale jets to Iraq for $3.2 billion in exchange of oil
Source : Bulgarian Military
Iraq is set to enhance its air force capabilities with a significant procurement of 12 Dassault Rafale fighter jets from France, a deal valued at approximately $3.2 billion. Reports from various Arab media outlets highlight this development, pointing to a broader trend in Iraq’s military modernization efforts. Alongside the Rafales, Iraq will also acquire a Ground Master radar system, essential for establishing a robust air surveillance network.
The Iraqi Ministry of Defense is actively evaluating plans to bolster its fleet of multi-role fighter aircraft, according to French financial newspaper La Tribune. The budget for this acquisition indicates that the first installment of $240 million has already been disbursed, with the unique arrangement stipulating that Iraq will settle the payment not in cash, but through oil deliveries to France. This innovative payment method reflects both Iraq’s abundant natural resources and its strategic economic considerations.
The Rafale jets will complement the existing fleet of American-made F-16s, currently the backbone of the Iraqi Air Force. Over the past two years, France has seen a significant uptick in exports of Rafale fighter jets, more than doubling its sales. This surge is largely attributed to the high quality of the aircraft, combined with favorable conditions negotiated by Dassault Aviation in collaboration with the French Ministry of the Armed Forces.
In addition to the Rafale purchase, Iraq recently ordered 12 Airbus H225M Caracal transport helicopters, further enhancing its military capabilities. The Iraqi Army Aviation is expected to receive these newly built helicopters, alongside two refurbished models, marking a considerable upgrade to its operational transport capabilities.
The Rafale is renowned for its versatility and advanced features, boasting a delta wing design powered by twin Snecma M88 engines, enabling it to reach speeds of up to Mach 1.8 and operate at altitudes of 50,000 feet. Its operational range of about 1,000 nautical miles can be significantly extended with external fuel tanks, making it well-suited for a wide array of missions, from air superiority to ground support and even nuclear deterrence.
The aircraft’s advanced avionics, highlighted by the RBE2-AA radar system, utilizes active electronically scanned array [AESA] technology to track multiple targets simultaneously, ensuring comprehensive situational awareness for pilots. This is further enhanced by the Spectra electronic warfare system, which provides robust protection against various threats. The cockpit is equipped with cutting-edge digital displays and hands-on throttle-and-stick [HOTAS] controls, streamlining operations and reducing pilot workload.
In terms of armament, the Rafale’s capabilities are extensive. It can carry a variety of weapons, including the Mica and Meteor air-to-air missiles, as well as precision-guided munitions like the GBU-12 laser-guided bomb and the SCALP cruise missile for deep-strike operations. This versatility is complemented by the aircraft’s ability to operate from both land bases and aircraft carriers, solidifying its role as a crucial asset for both the French Navy and Air Force.
Iraq’s interest in the Rafale jets is not merely a financial transaction; it signals a strategic pivot away from over-reliance on U.S. military support. As Baghdad seeks to assert its independence, the acquisition of these advanced fighters sends a clear message to Washington, particularly in light of ongoing discussions about troop presence in the region. The decision to pay with oil further underscores Iraq’s commitment to safeguarding its economic interests amid global uncertainties, including inflation and the ramifications of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.
The purchase of Rafale fighters also raises questions about their strategic role in regional security. With these aircraft, Iraq not only modernizes its fleet but also strengthens its air defense capabilities at a time of instability in the Middle East. The Rafale can be utilized for a range of missions, from air superiority to ground support, making it a vital asset in protecting Iraq’s sovereignty.
Additionally, this deal suggests potential for future military collaborations between Iraq and France. Given the increasing military partnership, further transactions involving additional military systems and technologies may follow. France, with its experience in providing comprehensive military solutions, is likely to offer other platforms and services that could enhance the operational effectiveness of the Iraqi Air Force.
Integrating Rafale into Iraq’s existing military structure presents both logistical and technical challenges. Given that the Rafale is a complex platform, training for pilots and technical personnel will be essential. Iraq will need to invest in training, simulators, and technical support to ensure that the new aircraft can operate at full capacity.
In recent years, the country has faced challenges in maintaining its fleet of F-16s due to shortages of spare parts and experienced personnel. Therefore, ensuring adequate resources and infrastructure for the successful integration of Rafale is critical.
The existing infrastructure for supporting these new Rafale jets will be a key aspect of a successful implementation of the deal. While Iraq has some military bases, its readiness to support advanced fighter jets will require further investment.
Upgrading ground support and facilities necessary for maintaining Rafale will be crucial in ensuring the operational readiness of the aircraft. Iraq may need to develop new technical procedures and enhance conditions at existing bases to meet the requirements for maintaining these complex platforms. This need will necessitate deep cooperation with French partners, potentially leading to long-term benefits for both parties.
In conclusion, Iraq’s purchase of the Rafale fighter jets represents a significant step in its military modernization efforts, enhancing both its air force capabilities and its strategic autonomy. As the geopolitical landscape evolves, the implications of this deal will likely resonate far beyond the immediate military enhancements, influencing Iraq’s position in the region and its relations with major powers.
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